I-SS 304 Umhlinzeki we-Seamless kanye ne-316 Stainless steel Coiled Tube e-china

Njengoba izingcindezi zemakethe ziphoqa abakhiqizi bamapayipi namapayipi ukuthola izindlela zokwandisa umkhiqizo ngenkathi behlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zekhwalithi, ukukhetha izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokulawula kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.Nakuba abakhiqizi abaningi bamashubhu namapayipi bethembele ekuhlolweni kokugcina, ezimweni eziningi abakhiqizi bahlola kusenesikhathi enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukuze bathole ukonakala kwempahla noma umsebenzi kusenesikhathi.Lokhu akunciphisi imfucuza kuphela, kodwa futhi kunciphisa izindleko ezihambisana nokulahlwa kwezinto ezinokukhubazeka.Le ndlela ekugcineni iholela enzuzweni ephezulu.Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, ukwengeza uhlelo lokuhlola olungabhubhisi (NDT) embonini kwenza umqondo omuhle wezomnotho.

Izinto eziningi—uhlobo lwempahla, ububanzi, ukujiya kodonga, isivinini sokucubungula, kanye nokushisela kwamapayipi noma indlela yokwenza—inquma ukuhlolwa okungcono kakhulu.Lezi zici ziphinde zibe nomthelela ekukhethweni kwezici zendlela yokulawula esetshenzisiwe.
Ukuhlolwa kwamanje kwe-Eddy (ET) kusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zamapayipi.Lokhu ukuhlola okungabizi kakhulu okungasetshenziswa kumapayipi odonga azacile, ngokuvamile afika ku-0.250 inch ukujiya kodonga.Ilungele kokubili izinto kazibuthe nezingezona kazibuthe.
Izinzwa noma amakhoyili okuhlola awela ezigabeni ezimbili eziyinhloko: annular kanye ne-tangential.Amakhoyili ajikelezayo ahlola yonke ingxenye yephayiphi, kuyilapho amakhoyili e-tangential ehlola indawo yokushisela kuphela.
Ama-spool asonga athola amaphutha kuwo wonke umucu ongenayo, hhayi nje indawo yokushisela, futhi ngokuvamile asebenza kangcono ekuhloleni osayizi abangaphansi kwamayintshi angu-2 ububanzi.Bayakwazi futhi ukubekezelela ukususwa kwe-weld zone.Ububi obuyinhloko ukuthi ukudlulisa umugqa wokuphakelayo endaweni yokugaya kudinga izinyathelo ezengeziwe nokunakekelwa okukhethekile ngaphambi kokuba udlule kumaroli okuhlola.Futhi, uma ikhoyili yokuhlola iqinile kububanzi, ukushisela okubi kungabangela ukuba ishubhu lihlukane, okubangele ukulimala kwekhoyili yokuhlola.
Ukuphenduka kwe-tangential hlola ingxenye encane yomjikelezo wepayipi.Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinobubanzi obukhulu, ukusebenzisa amakhoyili aqinile kunamakhoyili asontekile ngokuvamile kuzonikeza isilinganiso esingcono sesignali-kuya-nomsindo (isilinganiso samandla esignali yokuhlola ngokumelene nesiginali emile ngemuva).Amakhoyili e-Tangential nawo awadingi imicu futhi kulula ukuwalinganisa aphume efektri.Okubi ukuthi bahlola kuphela amaphuzu e-solder.Efanele amapayipi amakhulu ububanzi, angasetshenziselwa amapayipi amancane uma indawo yokushisela ilawulwa kahle.
Amakhoyili anoma yiluphi uhlobo angahlolelwa amakhefu ngezikhathi ezithile.Ukuhlola iphutha, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukuhlola iqanda noma ukuhlola umehluko, ngokuqhubekayo kuqhathanisa i-weld nezingxenye eziseduze zesisekelo sensimbi futhi kuzwela ezinguqukweni ezincane ezibangelwa ukungaqhubeki.Ilungele ukuthola ukukhubazeka okufushane okufana namaphinikhodi noma ama-welds angekho, okuyindlela eyinhloko esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zokugaya.
Ukuhlolwa kwesibili, indlela ephelele, ithola ububi be-verbosity.Leli fomu elilula le-ET lidinga isisebenzisi ukuthi silinganisele ngekhompyutha isistimu ezintweni ezinhle.Ngokungeziwe ekutholeni izinguquko eziqhubekayo ezimahhadla, iphinde ithole izinguquko ebugqilini bodonga.
Ukusebenzisa lezi zindlela ezimbili ze-ET akufanele kube inkinga ikakhulukazi.Zingasetshenziswa kanye kanye nekhoyili eyodwa yokuhlola uma ithuluzi likuhlomele ukwenza lokho.
Okokugcina, indawo engokoqobo yomhloli ibalulekile.Izakhiwo ezifana nezinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nokudlidliza kwesigayo okudluliselwa eshubhu kungaphazamisa ukubekwa.Ukubeka ikhoyili yokuhlola eduze nendawo yokushisela kunikeza opharetha ulwazi ngokushesha mayelana nenqubo yokushisela.Nokho, izinzwa ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa noma ukupholisa okwengeziwe kungase kudingeke.Ukubeka ikhoyili yokuhlola eduze nokuphela kwesigayo kuvumela ukubonwa kokukhubazeka okubangelwa usayizi noma ukubunjwa;kodwa-ke, amathuba ama-alamu amanga aphezulu ngenxa yokuthi inzwa itholakala eduze kwesistimu yokusika kule ndawo, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthi ithole ukudlidliza lapho isaha noma isika.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasonic (UT) kusebenzisa ama-pulses amandla kagesi futhi kuguqulele amandla omsindo ayimvamisa ephezulu.Lawa maza omsindo adluliselwa kumpahla ehlolwayo ngokusebenzisa into efana namanzi noma isigayo sokupholisa.Umsindo uyaqondisa, ukuma kwe-transducer kunquma ukuthi uhlelo lufuna amaphutha noma ukukala ukushuba kodonga.Isethi yama-transducer idala amakhonsathi wendawo yokushisela.Indlela ye-ultrasonic ayinqunyelwe ubukhulu bodonga lwamapayipi.
Ukusebenzisa inqubo ye-UT njengethuluzi lokulinganisa, u-opharetha udinga ukuqondisa i-transducer ukuze ihambisane nepayipi.Amagagasi omsindo angena kububanzi obungaphandle bepayipi, agxume phakathi kobubanzi, aphinde abuyele ku-transducer.Isistimu ikala isikhathi sokuthutha—isikhathi esithatha igagasi lomsindo ukusuka kububanzi obungaphandle ukuya kububanzi obungaphakathi—futhi iguqula leso sikhathi sibe isilinganiso esiwugqinsi.Ngokuya ngezimo zokugaya, lesi silungiselelo sivumela ukulinganiswa kokuqina kodonga ukuthi kunembile kufike ku-± 0.001 in.
Ukuze kutholwe ukonakala kwezinto, isisebenzi siqondisa inzwa nge-engeli etshekile.Amagagasi omsindo angena ebubanzini obungaphandle, ahambela ububanzi obungaphakathi, aphinde abonakale emuva kububanzi obungaphandle, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ahambe odongeni.Ukungalingani kwe-weld kubangela ukubonakaliswa kwegagasi lomsindo;ibuyisela ngendlela efanayo kusiguquli, esiyiguqulela emuva kumandla kagesi futhi sidale isibonisi esibonakalayo esibonisa indawo yesici.Isiginali iphinda idlule kumasango anesici acupha i-alamu ukuze yazise opharetha, noma iqale isistimu yokupenda ephawula indawo yesici.
Amasistimu e-UT angase asebenzise i-transducer eyodwa (noma ama-transducer wento eyodwa) noma uchungechunge olunezigaba lwama-transducer.
Ama-UT osiko asebenzisa inzwa eyodwa noma eziningi ze-elementi eyodwa.Inani lama-probe lincike kubude besici obulindelekile, isivinini somugqa nezinye izidingo zokuhlola.
I-array ultrasonic analyzer esebenzisa izakhi eziningana ze-transducer endlini eyodwa.Uhlelo lokulawula luqondisa amaza omsindo nge-elekthronikhi ukuskena indawo yokushisela ngaphandle kokushintsha indawo ye-transducer.Uhlelo lungenza imisebenzi efana nokutholwa kwesici, ukukala ukushuba kodonga, kanye nokulandelela izinguquko ekuhlanzeni ilangabi lezindawo ezishiselwe.Lezi zindlela zokuhlola nezilinganiso zingenziwa ngesikhathi esisodwa kakhulu.Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi indlela yohlelo olunezigaba ingabekezelela ukukhukhuleka okuthile ngenxa yokuthi amalungu afanayo angavala indawo enkulu kunezinzwa zendawo ezigxilile.
Indlela yesithathu yokuhlola engacekeli phansi, iMagnetic Flux Leakage (MFL), isetshenziselwa ukuhlola amapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu, anezindonga eziwugqinsi kanye nakazibuthe.Ifaneleka kahle ekufakweni kukawoyela negesi.
I-MFL isebenzisa inkambu kazibuthe ye-DC eqinile edlula ipayipi noma udonga lwamapayipi.Amandla kazibuthe asondela ekugcwalisweni okugcwele, noma iphuzu lapho noma yikuphi ukwanda kwamandla kazibuthe kungaphumeleli ekwenyukeni okuphawulekayo kokuminyana okuguquguqukayo kazibuthe.Lapho i-flux kazibuthe ishayisana nesici endaweni ethile, ukuhlanekezela okuwumphumela kokugeleza kazibuthe kungayibangela indize noma ibhamuze isuke phezulu.
Amabhamuza omoya anjalo angatholwa kusetshenziswa i-wire probe elula enensimu kazibuthe.Njengezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuzwa kazibuthe, isistimu idinga ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwezinto ezihlolwayo kanye ne-probe.Lokhu kunyakaza kufezwa ngokuzungezisa uzibuthe kanye nomhlangano we-probe eduze komjikelezo wepayipi noma ipayipi.Ukwandisa isivinini sokucubungula ekufakweni okunjalo, izinzwa ezengeziwe (futhi, i-array) noma ama-array amaningana asetshenziswa.
Ibhulokhi ye-MFL ejikelezayo ingathola amaphutha e-longitudinal noma aguquguqukayo.Umehluko ulele ku-orientation yesakhiwo samagnetization kanye nomklamo we-probe.Kuzo zombili izimo, isihlungi sesiginali siphatha inqubo yokuthola amaphutha nokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezindawo ze-ID ne-OD.
I-MFL ifana ne-ET futhi iyaphelelisana.I-ET eyemikhiqizo enodonga olugqinsile olungaphansi kuka-0.250″ futhi i-MFL eyemikhiqizo enodonga olukhulu kunalokho.
Enye yezinzuzo ze-MFL ngaphezu kwe-UT amandla ayo okubona amaphutha angafanelekile.Isibonelo, ukukhubazeka kwe-helical kungatholwa kalula kusetshenziswa i-MFL.Amaphutha kulo mumo we-oblique, nakuba ebonwa yi-UT, adinga izilungiselelo eziqondene ne-engeli ehlosiwe.
Ingabe ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngalesi sihloko?Abakhiqizi kanye Nenhlangano Yabakhiqizi (i-FMA) banolwazi olwengeziwe.Ababhali uPhil Meinzinger noWilliam Hoffmann banikeza usuku olugcwele lolwazi neziqondiso ngezimiso, izinketho zemishini, ukusetha, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwalezi zinqubo.Umhlangano waba ngoNovemba 10 endlunkulu ye-FMA e-Elgin, e-Illinois (eduze kwaseChicago).Ukubhalisa kuvulekele ukuba khona okubonakalayo kanye nokuya mathupha.Ukuze ufunde kabanzi.
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